Source: Wikipedia
Content Management SystemA content management system (CMS) such as a document management system (DMS) is a computer application used to manage work flow needed to collaboratively create, edit, review, index, search, publish and archive various kinds of digital media and electronic text.[1]CMS' are frequently used for storing, controlling, versioning, and publishing industry-specific documentation such as news articles, operators' manuals, technical manuals, sales guides, and marketing brochures. The content managed may include computer files, image media, audio files, video files, electronic documents, and Web content. These concepts represent integrated and interdependent layers. There are various nomenclatures known in this area: Web Content Management, Digital Asset Management, Digital Records Management, Electronic Content Management and so on. The bottom line for these systems is managing content and publishing, with a workflow if required. Types of CMSThere are six main categories of CMS, with their respective domains of use:Enterprise CMS (ECMS)Web CMS (WCMS)Document management system (DMS) Mobile CMS Component CMS Media content management system Enterprise content management (ECM) refers to the technologies, strategies, methods and tools used to capture, manage, store, preserve, and deliver content and documents related to an organization and its processes. ECM tools allow the management of an enterprise level organization's information. [1] Web Content Management SystemA web-content-management system (WCMS or Web CMS) is content management system (CMS) software, usually implemented as a Web application, for creating and managing HTML content. It is used to manage and control a large, dynamic collection of Web material (HTML documents and their associated images). A WCMS facilitates content creation, content control, editing, and many essential Web maintenance functions.Usually the software provides authoring (and other) tools designed to allow users with little or no knowledge of programming languages or markup languages to create and manage content with relative ease of use. Most systems use a database to store content, metadata, and/or artifacts that might be needed by the system. Content is frequently, but not universally, stored as XML, to facilitate reuse and enable flexible presentation options.[1][2] A presentation layer displays the content to regular Web-site visitors based on a set of templates. The templates are sometimes XSLT files.[3] Most systems also use some form of server side caching which enables a boost of performance. This works best when the WCMS is not intended to be changed often but visits happen on a regular basis.[4] Administration is typically done through browser-based interfaces, but some systems require the use of a fat client. Unlike Web-site builders like Microsoft FrontPage or Adobe Dreamweaver, a WCMS allows non-technical users to make changes to an existing website with little or no training. A WCMS typically requires an experienced coder to set up and add features, but is primarily a Web-site maintenance tool for non-technical administrators. CapabilitiesA WCMS is a software system used to manage and control a large, dynamic collection of Web material (HTML documents, images and other forms of media).[5] A CMS facilitates document control, auditing, editing, and timeline management. A WCMS provides the following key features:Automated templates Create standard output templates (usually HTML and XML) that can be automatically applied to new and existing content, allowing the appearance of all content to be changed from one central place. Easily editable content Once content is separated from the visual presentation of a site, it usually becomes much easier and quicker to edit and manipulate. Most WCMS software includes WYSIWYG editing tools allowing non-technical individuals to create and edit content. Scalable feature sets Most WCMS software includes plug-ins or modules that can be easily installed to extend an existing site's functionality. Web standards upgrades Active WCMS software usually receives regular updates that include new feature sets and keep the system up to current web standards. Workflow management Workflow is the process of creating cycles of sequential and parallel tasks that must be accomplished in the CMS. For example, a content creator can submit a story, but it is not published until the copy editor cleans it up and the editor-in-chief approves it. Delegation Some CMS software allows for various user groups to have limited privileges over specific content on the website, spreading out the responsibility of content management.[6] Document management CMS software may provide a means of managing the life cycle of a document from initial creation time, through revisions, publication, archive, and document destruction. Content virtualization CMS software may provide a means of allowing each user to work within a virtual copy of the entire Web site, document set, and/or code base. 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